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<a name="TOP"></a><font class="header" size="1"><a href="#PUBLIC INTERFACE">PUBLIC INTERFACE </a>~
          <a href="#PUBLIC DATA">PUBLIC DATA </a>~
          <a href="#PUBLIC ROUTINES">PUBLIC ROUTINES </a>~
          <a href="#NAMELIST">NAMELIST </a>~
          <a href="#DIAGNOSTIC FIELDS">DIAGNOSTIC FIELDS </a>~
          <a href="#ERROR MESSAGES">ERROR MESSAGES </a>~
          <a href="#REFERENCES">REFERENCES </a>~ 
          <a href="#NOTES">NOTES</a></font>
<hr>
<h2>Module strat_cloud_mod</h2>
<a name="HEADER"></a>
<!-- BEGIN HEADER -->
<div>
<b>Contact:&nbsp;</b><a href="mailto:Stephen.Klein@noaa.gov">   Stephen Klein </a>
<br>
<b>Reviewers:&nbsp;</b>
<br>
<b>Change History:&nbsp;</b><a href="http://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/fms-cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi/FMS/atmos/param/strat_cloud">WebCVS Log</a>
<br>
<br>
</div>
<!-- END HEADER -->
<a name="OVERVIEW"></a>
<hr>
<h4>OVERVIEW</h4>
<!-- BEGIN OVERVIEW -->
<p class="text">   Code to compute time tendencies of stratiform clouds and diagnoses
   rain and snow flux with prognostic scheme.
   <br>
<br> 
</p>
<!-- END OVERVIEW -->
<a name="DESCRIPTION"></a>
<!-- BEGIN DESCRIPTION -->
<div>   The prognostic scheme returns the time tendencies of liquid,
   ice, and saturated volume fraction that are suspended in 
   stratiform clouds.  The scheme diagnoses the fluxes of rain
   and snow in saturated and unsaturated areas.
   <br>
<br>
   The prognostic cloud scheme is responsible for determing
   cloud volume fractions, condensed water tendencies, and
   the stratiform precipitation rate.  It includes processes
   for evaporation, condensation, deposition, and sublimation
   of cloud water, conversion of cloud water to precipitation,
   evaporation of falling precipitation, the bergeron-findeisan 
   process, freezing of cloud liquid, accretion of cloud water 
   by precipitation, and melting of falling precipitation.
   <br>
<br>
   This scheme is based on the experience the author had 
   at the ECMWF in 1997. The saturated volume fraction formalism 
   and type of solution follow directly from the scheme of Tiedtke
   (1993): Monthly Weather Review, Volume 121, pages 3040-3061.
   The form of most of the microphysics follows Rotstayn , 1997:
   Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc. vol 123, pages 1227-1282. The partial
   precipitation area formulism follows Jakob and Klein, 2000:
   Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc. vol 126, pages 2525-2544. 
   <br>
<br>
   The statistical cloud scheme treatment, which is used as
   a replacement for the Tiedtke cloud fraction scheme, is based
   on a number of publications: Tompkins, A., 2002: J. Atmos. 
   Sci., 59, 1917-1942, Klein et al., 2005: J. Geophys. Res., 
   110, D15S06, doi:10.1029/2004JD005017. </div>
<br>
<!-- END DESCRIPTION -->
<a name="OTHER MODULES USED"></a>
<hr>
<h4>OTHER MODULES USED</h4>
<!-- BEGIN OTHER MODULES USED -->
<div>
<pre> sat_vapor_pres_mod<br>            fms_mod<br>         fms_io_mod<br>      constants_mod<br>      cloud_rad_mod<br>   diag_manager_mod<br>   time_manager_mod<br>cloud_generator_mod<br>      beta_dist_mod<br>  rad_utilities_mod<br>    aer_ccn_act_mod</pre>
</div>
<!-- END OTHER MODULES USED -->
<!-- BEGIN PUBLIC INTERFACE -->
<a name="PUBLIC INTERFACE"></a>
<hr>
<h4>PUBLIC INTERFACE</h4>
<div>
<dl>
<dt>
<a href="#strat_cloud_init">strat_cloud_init</a>:</dt>
<dd> 
</dd>
<dt>
<a href="#diag_field_init">diag_field_init</a>:</dt>
<dd> 
</dd>
<dt>
<a href="#strat_cloud">strat_cloud</a>:</dt>
<dd> 
</dd>
<dt>
<a href="#strat_cloud_end">strat_cloud_end</a>:</dt>
<dd> 
</dd>
<dt>
<a href="#strat_cloud_sum">strat_cloud_sum</a>:</dt>
<dd> 
</dd>
<dt>
<a href="#strat_cloud_avg">strat_cloud_avg</a>:</dt>
<dd> 
</dd>
<dt>
<a href="#do_strat_cloud">do_strat_cloud</a>:</dt>
<dd> 
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<br>
<!-- END PUBLIC INTERFACE -->
<a name="PUBLIC DATA"></a>
<hr>
<h4>PUBLIC DATA</h4>
<!-- BEGIN PUBLIC DATA -->
<div>None.<br>
<br>
</div>
<!-- END PUBLIC DATA -->
<a name="PUBLIC ROUTINES"></a>
<hr>
<h4>PUBLIC ROUTINES</h4>
<!-- BEGIN PUBLIC ROUTINES -->
<ol type="a">
<li>
<a name="strat_cloud_init"></a>
<h4>strat_cloud_init</h4>
<pre>
<b>call strat_cloud_init </b>(axes,Time,idim,jdim,kdim)</pre>
<dl>
<dt>
<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
</dt>
<dd>   Initializes strat_cloud.  Reads namelist, calls cloud_rad_init,
   reads restart (if present), initializes netcdf output. </dd>
<br>
<br>
<dt>
<b>INPUT</b>
</dt>
<dd>
<table border="0">
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>axes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Axes integer vector used for netcdf initialization. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[integer]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>Time&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Time type variable used for netcdf. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[time_type]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>idim&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Size of first array (usually longitude) dimension. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[integer]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>jdim&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Size of second array (usually latitude) dimension. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[integer]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>kdim&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Size of vertical array (usually height) dimension. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[integer]</span></td>
</tr>
</table>
</dd>
<br>
</dl>
</li>
<li>
<a name="diag_field_init"></a>
<h4>diag_field_init</h4>
<pre>
<b>call diag_field_init </b>(axes,Time)</pre>
<dl>
<dt>
<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
</dt>
<dd>   Initializes netcdf diagnostics. </dd>
<br>
<br>
<dt>
<b>INPUT</b>
</dt>
<dd>
<table border="0">
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>axes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Integer array containing axes integers. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[integer]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>Time&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Time <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[time_type]</span></td>
</tr>
</table>
</dd>
<br>
</dl>
</li>
<li>
<a name="strat_cloud"></a>
<h4>strat_cloud</h4>
<pre>
<b>call strat_cloud </b>(Time,is,ie,js,je,dtcloud,pfull,phalf,radturbten2, T,qv,ql,qi,qa,omega,Mc,diff_t,LAND, ST,SQ,SL,SI,SA,surfrain, surfsnow,qrat,ahuco,MASK, qn, SN, Aerosol)</pre>
<dl>
<dt>
<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
</dt>
<dd> 
</dd>
<br>
<br>
<dt>
<b>INPUT</b>
</dt>
<dd>
<table border="0">
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>Time&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Time <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[time_type]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>is&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Indice of starting point in the longitude direction of the slab being passed to strat_cloud <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[integer]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>ie&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Indice of ending point in the longitude direction of the slab being passed <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[integer]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>js&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Indice of starting point in the latitude direction of the slab being passed <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[integer]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>je&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Indice of ending point in the latitude direction of the slab being passed <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[integer]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>dtcloud&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Physics time step (sec) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>pfull&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Pressure on model full levels (Pa) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>phalf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Pressure on model half levels (Pa) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>radturbten2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Sum of the tendencies of temperature from turbulence and radiation schemes (K/s) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>T&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Temperature (K) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>qv&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Water vapor specific humidity (kg vapor/kg air) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>ql&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Grid-box mean liquid water specific humidity (kg liquid/kg air) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>qi&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Grid-box mean ice water specific humidity (kg ice/kg air) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>qa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Cloud fraction (3d array and a prognostic variable) (fraction) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>qn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Cloud droplet number (3d array and a prognostic variable) (#/kg air) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>omega&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Vertical pressure velocity (Pa/sec) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>Mc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Cumulus mass flux (defined positive as upward) (kg air/m2/sec) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>diff_t&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Vertical diffusion coefficient for temperature and tracer from vertical diffusion scheme (m2/sec) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>LAND&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Fraction of surface that contains land (fraction) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>qrat&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Ratio of large-scale specific humidity to specific humidity in 
   environment outside convective system (from donner_deep) 
   <br>
<br>
   Will be equal to 1 for all normal AM2 operations (i.e. donner_deep is not activated)              
   <br>
<br>
   Note that index 1 is nearest ground
   <br>
<br> 
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>ahuco&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   The fraction of the grid box containing either cumulus cells or the mesoscale circulation (from donner_deep).
   <br>
<br>
   Will be equal to 0 for all normal AM2 operations (i.e. donner_deep is not activated)              
   <br>
<br>
   Note that index 1 is nearest ground
   <br>
<br> 
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>MASK&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Optional input real array indicating the point is above the surface
   if equal to 1.0 and indicating the point is below the surface if 
   equal to 0.
   <br>
<br>
   Used only in eta vertical coordinate model. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
</table>
</dd>
<br>
<dt>
<b>OUTPUT</b>
</dt>
<dd>
<table border="0">
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>ST&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Change in temperature due to strat_cloud (K) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>SQ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Change in water vapor due to strat_cloud (kg vapor/kg air) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>SL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Change in cloud liquid due to strat_cloud (kg liquid/kg air) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>SI&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Change in cloud ice due to strat_cloud (kg ice/kg air) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>SA&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Change in cloud fraction due to strat_cloud (fraction) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>SN&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Change in cloud droplet number due to strat_cloud (fraction) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>surfrain&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Surface rain fall over time step dtcloud (kg liquid/m2) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>surfsnow&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Surface snow fall over time step dtcloud (kg ice/m2) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>rain3d&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   3D rain fall over time step dtcloud (kg liquid/m2) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>snow3d&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   3D snow fall over time step dtcloud (kg ice/m2) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
</table>
</dd>
<br>
</dl>
</li>
<li>
<a name="strat_cloud_end"></a>
<h4>strat_cloud_end</h4>
<pre>
<b>call strat_cloud_end </b>
</pre>
<dl>
<dt>
<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
</dt>
<dd>   This writes out a restart (if needed). </dd>
<br>
<br>
</dl>
</li>
<li>
<a name="strat_cloud_sum"></a>
<h4>strat_cloud_sum</h4>
<pre>
<b>call strat_cloud_sum </b>(is, js, ql, qi, cf)</pre>
<dl>
<dt>
<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
</dt>
<dd>   This increments cloud variables for passing to radiation.
   It is expected that this will become obsolete soon. </dd>
<br>
<br>
<dt>
<b>INPUT</b>
</dt>
<dd>
<table border="0">
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>is&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Starting integer for longitude window. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[integer]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>js&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Starting integer for latitude window. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[integer]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>ql&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Cloud liquid water specific humidity (kg/kg) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>qi&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Cloud ice water specific humidity (kg/kg) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>cf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Cloud fraction (fraction, 0-1) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
</table>
</dd>
<br>
</dl>
</li>
<li>
<a name="strat_cloud_avg"></a>
<h4>strat_cloud_avg</h4>
<pre>
<b>call strat_cloud_avg </b>(is, js, ql, qi, cf, ierr)</pre>
<dl>
<dt>
<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
</dt>
<dd>   Averaging routine for cloud variables to be passed to radiation.
   Expected to be removed shortly. </dd>
<br>
<br>
<dt>
<b>INPUT</b>
</dt>
<dd>
<table border="0">
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>is&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Starting integer for longitude window. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[integer]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>js&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Starting integer for latitude window. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[integer]</span></td>
</tr>
</table>
</dd>
<br>
<dt>
<b>OUTPUT</b>
</dt>
<dd>
<table border="0">
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>ql&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Cloud liquid water specific humidity (kg/kg) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>qi&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Cloud ice water specific humidity (kg/kg) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>cf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Cloud fraction (0-1) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[real]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left"><tt>ierr&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>   Error integer. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="type">[integer]</span></td>
</tr>
</table>
</dd>
<br>
</dl>
</li>
<li>
<a name="do_strat_cloud"></a>
<h4>do_strat_cloud</h4>
<pre>result = <b>do_strat_cloud</b> ( ) result (answer)</pre>
<dl>
<dt>
<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
</dt>
<dd>   Logical function to indicate whether or not strat_cloud is running. </dd>
<br>
<br>
</dl>
</li>
</ol>
<!-- END PUBLIC ROUTINES -->
<a name="PUBLIC TYPES"></a>
<!-- BEGIN PUBLIC TYPES -->
<!-- END PUBLIC TYPES --><a name="NAMELIST"></a>
<!-- BEGIN NAMELIST -->
<hr>
<h4>NAMELIST</h4>
<div>
<b>&amp;strat_cloud_nml</b>
<br>
<br>
<div>
<dl>
<dt>
<tt>do_netcdf_restart</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   netcdf/native restart format <br>
<span class="type">[logical, dimension, units: fraction, default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>U00</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Threshold relative humidity for cloud formation by large-scale condensation. (default = 0.80) <br>
<span class="type">[real, dimension, units: , default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>u00_profile</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Should low-level u00 ECMWF profile be applied? (default = .false.) <br>
<span class="type">[logical, dimension, units: , default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>rthresh</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Liquid cloud drop radius threshold for autoconversion. (default = 10.) <br>
<span class="type">[real, dimension, units: microns, default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>use_kk_auto</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Should the Khairoutdinov and Kogan (2000) autoconversion be used? ( default = .false.) <br>
<span class="type">[logical, dimension, units: , default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>N_land</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Fixed number of cloud drops per unit volume in liquid clouds on land. ( default = 250.E+06) <br>
<span class="type">[real, dimension, units: 1/(m*m*m), default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>N_ocean</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Fixed number of cloud drops per unit volume in liquid clouds over ocean. ( default = 100.E+06) <br>
<span class="type">[real, dimension, units: 1/(m*m*m), default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>U_evap</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Critical relative humidity above which rain does not evaporate. (default = 1.0) <br>
<span class="type">[real, dimension, units: fraction, default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>eros_scale</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Normal erosion rate constant cloud destruction (default = 1.E-06) <br>
<span class="type">[real, dimension, units: 1/sec, default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>eros_choice</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Should enhanced erosion in turbulent conditions be done? (default = .false.) <br>
<span class="type">[real, dimension, units: , default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>eros_scale_c</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Erosion rate constant for convective conditions. (default = 8.E-05) <br>
<span class="type">[real, dimension, units: 1/sec, default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>eros_scale_t</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Erosion rate constant for cloud destruction for turbulent conditions. (default = 5.E-05) <br>
<span class="type">[real, dimension, units: 1/sec, default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>mc_thresh</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Convective mass-flux threshold for enhanced erosion to turn on. (default = 0.001) <br>
<span class="type">[real, dimension, units: kg/m2/sec, default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>diff_thresh</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Diffusion coefficient threshold for enhanced erosion to turn on. (default = 1.0) <br>
<span class="type">[real, dimension, units: m2/s, default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>super_choice</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Should should excess vapor in supersaturated conditions be put into cloud water (true) or precipitation fluxes (false)? (default = .false.) <br>
<span class="type">[logical, dimension, units: , default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>tracer_advec</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Are cloud liquid,ice and fraction advected by the grid resolved motion? (default = .false.) <br>
<span class="type">[logical, dimension, units: , default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>qmin</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Minimum permissible value of cloud liquid, cloud ice, saturated volume fraction, or rain and snow areas.
   NOTE: qmin should be chosen such that the range of {qmin, max(qa,ql,qi)} is resolved by the precision of the numbers used. (default = 1.E-10) <br>
<span class="type">[real, dimension, units: kg condensate/kg air, default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>Dmin</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Minimum permissible dissipation in analytic integration of qa, ql, qi equations. This constant only affects the method by which the prognostic equations are integrated.
   NOTE: Dmin will be MACHINE DEPENDENT and occur when
   a. 1. -exp(-Dmin) = 0. instead of Dmin in the limit of very small Dmin
   AND
   b. 1. - exp(-D) &lt; D for all D &gt; Dmin
   (default = 1.E-08) <br>
<span class="type">[real, dimension, units: Dimensionless, default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>num_strat_pts</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Number of grid points where instantaneous output will be saved to file strat.data
   num_strat_pts &lt;= max_strat_pts
   (default = 0) <br>
<span class="type">[integer, dimension, units: , default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>strat_pts</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   num_strat_pts" pairs of grid indices, e.g., the global indices for i,j. (default = 0) <br>
<span class="type">[integer, dimension, units: , default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>efact</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   (default = 0.0) <br>
<span class="type">[real, dimension, units: , default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>do_old_snowmelt</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Should the old version of snow melting, which has a bug,be run? (default = .false.) <br>
<span class="type">[logical, dimension, units: , default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>do_liq_num</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Should the prognostic droplet number code be run? (default = .false.) <br>
<span class="type">[logical, dimension, units: , default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>do_pdf_clouds</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Should the statistical cloud scheme be run? (default = .false.) <br>
<span class="type">[logical, dimension, units: , default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>qthalfwidth</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Half-width to the qt PDF - used only if do_pdf_clouds is true and diagnostic variance(default = 0.1) <br>
<span class="type">[real, dimension, units: none, default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>nsublevels</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   Number of sublevels to vertical sub-grid cloud structure - used only if do_pdf_cloud is true (default = 1) <br>
<span class="type">[integer, dimension, units: none, default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>kmap</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   PPM partial remap integer - used only if do_pdf_cloud is true and if vertical subgrid structure is used(default = 1) <br>
<span class="type">[integer, dimension, units: none, default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>kord</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   PPM method number - used only if do_pdf_cloud is true and if vertical subgrid structure is used (default = 7) <br>
<span class="type">[integer, dimension, units: none, default: ]</span>
</dl>
<dt>
<tt>betaP</tt>
</dt>
<dl>   p-parameter to the beta distribution - used only if do_pdf_clouds is true (default = 5) <br>
<span class="type">[integer, dimension, units: none, default: ]</span>
</dl>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
<br>
<!-- END NAMELIST -->
<a name="DIAGNOSTIC FIELDS"></a>
<!-- BEGIN DIAGNOSTIC FIELDS -->
<!-- END DIAGNOSTIC FIELDS --><a name="DATA SETS"></a>
<!-- BEGIN DATA SETS -->
<hr>
<h4>DATA SETS</h4>
<div>
<dl>
<dt>strat_cloud.res</dt>
<dd>   native format of the restart file </dd>
<dt>strat_cloud.res.nc</dt>
<dd>   netcdf format of the restart file </dd>
</dl>
<br>
</div>
<!-- END DATA SETS -->
<a name="PUBLIC CODE"></a>
<!-- BEGIN PUBLIC CODE -->
<!-- END PUBLIC CODE --><a name="ERROR MESSAGES"></a>
<!-- BEGIN ERROR MESSAGES -->
<hr>
<h4>ERROR MESSAGES</h4>
<div>None.<br>
<br>
</div>
<!-- END ERROR MESSAGES -->
<a name="REFERENCES"></a>
<hr>
<h4>REFERENCES</h4>
<!-- BEGIN REFERENCES -->
<div>
<ol>
<li>   The saturation volume fraction formalism comes from:
   <br>
<br>
   Tiedtke, M., 1993: Representation of clouds in large-scale models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 3040-3061.
   <br>
<br> 
</li>
<li>   The form of most of the microphysics follows:
   <br>
<br>
   Rotstayn, L., 1997: A physically based scheme for the treatment of stratiform clouds and precipitation in large-scale models. I: Description and evaluation of microphysical processes. Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc. 123, 1227-1282. </li>
</ol>
</div>
<br>
<!-- END REFERENCES -->
<a name="COMPILER SPECIFICS"></a>
<hr>
<h4>COMPILER SPECIFICS</h4>
<!-- BEGIN COMPILER SPECIFICS -->
<div>
<dl>
<dt></dt>
<dd> 
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<br>
<!-- END COMPILER SPECIFICS -->
<a name="PRECOMPILER OPTIONS"></a>
<hr>
<h4>PRECOMPILER OPTIONS</h4>
<!-- BEGIN PRECOMPILER OPTIONS -->
<div>
<dl>
<dt></dt>
<dd> 
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<br>
<!-- END PRECOMPILER OPTIONS -->
<a name="LOADER OPTIONS"></a>
<hr>
<h4>LOADER OPTIONS</h4>
<!-- BEGIN LOADER -->
<div>
<p> 
</p>
<pre>        
</pre>
</div>
<!-- END LOADER OPTIONS -->
<a name="TEST PROGRAM"></a>
<hr>
<h4>TEST PROGRAM</h4>
<!-- BEGIN TEST PROGRAM -->
<div>
<dl>
<dt></dt>
<dd> 
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<br>
<!-- END TEST PROGRAM -->
<a name="KNOWN BUGS"></a>
<hr>
<h4>KNOWN BUGS</h4>
<!-- BEGIN KNOWN BUGS -->
<div>
<p> 
</p>
</div>
<br>
<!-- END KNOWN BUGS -->
<a name="NOTES"></a>
<hr>
<h4>NOTES</h4>
<!-- BEGIN NOTES -->
<div>   1. qmin should be chosen such that the range of {qmin, max(qa,ql,qi)} is resolved by the precision of the numbers used. (default = 1.E-10) <br>
<br>   2. Dmin will be MACHINE DEPENDENT and occur when <br>
<br>   a. 1. -exp(-Dmin) = 0. instead of Dmin in the limit of very small Dmin <br>
<br>   b. 1. - exp(-D) &lt; D for all D &gt; Dmin </div>
<br>
<!-- END NOTES -->
<a name="FUTURE PLANS"></a>
<hr>
<h4>FUTURE PLANS</h4>
<!-- BEGIN FUTURE PLANS -->
<div>
<p> 
</p>
</div>
<br>
<!-- END FUTURE PLANS -->
<hr>
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